英语被动语态知识点

英语被动语态知识点第1篇被动语态的用法英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态：不知道或不必说出动下面是小编为大家整理的英语被动语态知识点,供大家参考。

英语被动语态知识点 第1篇

被动语态的用法

英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态：

不知道或不必说出动作的执行者

How is this word pronounced 这个单词怎么发音?

Scientists say that work is done whenever a force 科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。

A greater number of magic English books will be published next 明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。

After war, everything had been 战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。

强调动作的承受者

If you break the school rules, you will be 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。(强调you)

A new Hope School will be opened in our 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。(强调a new Hope School)

She is liked by 大家都喜欢她。

Xiao Li was elected monitor of the 小李被选为班长。

动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物

The bridge was washed away by the 桥被洪水冲走了。

We were shocked by the news of his 我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。

Many accidents were caused by careless 许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。

修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称

He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the 他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。

The old professor gave a lecture on American history and was well 这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。

I was shown round the school campus by Sean, who had entered the school just a year 肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。

为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己

You"ve been told many times not to make the same 你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。

Everybody is expected to obey the following 希望大家遵守以下规定。

The control room may not be entered without 非经许可，勿入控制室。

科技文献中为了客观地描述事情及其过程

The film is coated with light-sensitive chemicals, which are changed by the different shades and colours of 胶卷上涂了一层感光的化学物质，这些物质因光的不同色度与颜色而改变。

新闻报道中为了体现新闻的客观性

The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nation"s west development 西气东输工程7月4日全线开工，这是国家西部大开发战略的一件大事。

有些动词习惯上常用被动语态

He was born in this 他出生在这个城市。

The school is situated in the 这所学校位于郊外。

注意：

被动语态中的by短语通常可以省去。但如果by短语是句子的重点所在，或者没有by短语全句的意思不完整时，则要保留by短语。

The vegetables didn"t taste very They had been cooked too 蔬菜的味道不好，烧的时间太长了。(不需要动作的执行者)

He arrived at the airport, where he was met by his 他到达了机场并受到朋友的迎接。(没有by his friend，句子的意思不完整)

Everybody was cast down by such news as 大家都被那种消息搞得很沮丧。(需要by短语)

英语被动语态知识点 第2篇

被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词()”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：

一般现在时：am/is/are+

一般过去时：was/were+

一般将来时：shall /will be +

现在完成时：have /has been +

现在进行时：am/is/are+being+

过去将来时：should /would be +

含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be+例如：

① Chinese ______ by the largest number of (选D。考查一般现在时的被动语态)

speaking spoken

② The boy ______ to get supper ready after (选C。考查一般过去时的被动语态)

told telling told

③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of (选B。考查含情态动词的被动语态)

be

英语被动语态知识点 第3篇

十种常见时态的被动语态

一般现在时

主动语态：do

被动语态：am is are done

We clean the classroom every 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗

一般过去时

主动语态：did

被动语态：was were done

We cleaned the classroom 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?

How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?

一般将来时

主动语态：will shall do

被动语态：will shall be done

We will clean the classroom 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom will be cleaned 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work will be done 这工作将马上做。

Will the school sports meeting be held next week? 校运动会将在下星期举行吗?

When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座?

一般过去将来时

主动语态：would do

被动语态：would be done

We told him that we would clean the classroom 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。

We told him that the classroom would be cleaned 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。

He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。

She asked whether their plan would be considered with great 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。

I wasn"t told that I should be invited to the 没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。

现在进行时

主动语态：am is are doing

被动语态：am is are being done

We are cleaning the classroom 我们现在正在打扫教室。

The classroom is being cleaned 教室现在正在被打扫。

A hospital is being built in the centre of the 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。

Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗?

How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的?

过去进行时

主动语态：was were doing

被动语态：was were being done

We were cleaning the classroom this time 昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。

The classroom was being cleaned this time 昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫

The teaching plan was being discussed at that 那时正在讨论教学计划。

Was the TV set being fixed this time yesterday 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗?

The house was being painted when we arrived at his 我们到他家时，他家房子正在粉刷。

现在完成时

主动语态：has have done

被动语态：has have been done

The classroom looks We have cleaned 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫了。

The classroom looks It has been 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫了

Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last 上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。

The radio has not been turned on 收音机还没开。

Has a new training centre been set up in our town 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗?

过去完成时

主动语态：had done

被动语态：had been done

The classroom looked We had cleaned 教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫过了。

The classroom looked It had been 教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫过了。

His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last 上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。

She told me that she had been dismissed by her 她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。

Her homework had not been finished when I got 我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。

将来完成时

主动语态：will shall have done

被动语态：will shall have been done

We will have cleaned the classroom by five o" 我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

The classroom will have been cleaned by five o" 教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel 这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。

How many expressways will have been completed by the end of next year 到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路?

Before you return my work will have been 你回来前我的工作将会做完。

过去将来完成时

主动语态：would have done

被动语态：would have been done

I said we would have cleaned the classroom by 我说我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

I said the classroom would have been cleaned by 我说教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The headmaster said the article would have been translated by the end of next 校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。

The day was drawing near when the dam would have been 大坝完工的日子不远了。

He told me that preparations would have been finished by 他告诉我准备工作将在六点前完成。

英语被动语态知识点 第4篇

主动语态变被动语态

中国人的思维的着眼点在动作的施动者，英美人思维的着眼点在动作的承受者。

中国人常这样说：I expect you to be there on 我希望你准时到那里。

英美人常这样说：You are expected to be there on 希望你准时到那里。

这就是英语中被动语态的使用比汉语中多的原因。由于英语句子的主动语态结构不同，因而变成被动语态的方式也各不相同。

主语 + 谓语 + 宾语

“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”结构中只有一个宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语：

They will discuss the plan at the 他们将在会议上讨论这个问题。

-- The plan will be discussed at the 这个问题将在会议上讨论。

In the past the king possessed great 过去国王拥有巨大的财富。

n In the past great wealth was possessed by the 过去，巨大的财富为国王所拥有。

主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时，一般将通常指人的间接宾语转化成主语，但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转化成主语：

We gave the student some 我们给了这个学生几本书。

-- The student was given some 这个学生被给了几本书。

-- Some books were given to the 几本书被给了这个学生。

His father bought him a computer last 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。

-- He was bought a computer by his father last 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。

-- A computer was bought for him by his father last 上周他父亲给他买了一台电脑。

注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如to, for, of等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。

They awarded him the Nobel 他们授予他诺贝尔奖。

-- The Nobel Prize was awarded(to) 诺贝尔奖被授予给他。

The host had caught us some 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。

n Some fish had been caught for us by the 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。(for不可省)

n

主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

在这个句型中，谓语动词后有一个宾语和一个宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，宾语转化成主语，宾语补足语也随之变为主语补足语：

All the villagers painted the houses 所有村民都把房子涂成了白色。

-- The houses were painted white by all the 房子都被所有的村民都涂成了白色。

They kept us waiting for a long 他们让我们等了很长时间。

-- We were kept waiting for a long 我们等了很长时间。

We regarded him as the best doctor in 我们认为他是城里最好的医生。

-- He was regarded as the best doctor in 他被认为是城里最好的医生。

注意：

有些使役动词和感官动词,如make, see, hear, watch, notice, observe, listen to等，在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动结构时，不定式应加上to。

We heard him say good-bye to his 我们听见他向朋友们道别。

n He was heard to say good-bye to his 他被听到向朋友们道别。

n

含有情态动词的主动句变被动句

含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态时，用“情态动词+ be done”构成。

情态动词

can could

may might

must

have had to

will would

shall should

ought to

主动形式

Can could do

May might do

must do

have had to do

will would do

shall should do

ought to do

被动形式

Can could be done

May might be done

must be done

have had to be done

will would be done

shall should be done

ought to be done

The machine must be operated with 这机器必须小心操作。

Such a sentence ought not to be used 这个句子不应该用在这里。

What"s done cannot be 覆水难收。

People had to be reminded of the danger that 那天晚上必须提醒人们当心危险。

含有“be going to do”和“be to do”等结构的主动句变被动句

含有“be going to do和 be to do 等结构的谓语动词，变成被动语态时，分别用“be going to + be done”和“be to + be done”。在这两种结构中，be只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种形式。

The problem is going to be discussed at the 这个问题将在会上讨论。

This new film is to be shown on TV next 这部新片下周将在电视上放映。

含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句

带有宾语从句的句子变成被动语态时，通常用it来作为被动句的形式主语，宾语从句保留不变。

They said that he had gone abroad to study 他们说他出国学英语去了。

-- It was said that he had gone abroad to study 据说他出国学英语去了。

We haven"t decided when we should go 我们还未决定什么时候去野营。

-- It hasn"t been decided when we should go 什么时候去野营尚未决定。

提示：

带有宾语从句的句子变成被动语态时，为了简练，还可把从句的主语变为被动句的主语，从句的谓语部分还可以变为不定式短语。

We believed that he would 我们相信他会成功。

-- He was believed to 人们相信他会成功。

Father expected that I should become an 父亲希望我成为工程师。

-- I was expected (by my father) to become an (父亲)希望我成为工程师。

祈使句的被动语态

肯定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Let + 宾语 + be + 过去分词;否定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Don"t + let + 宾语 + be + 过去分词(或Let + 宾语 + not + be + 过去分词)。

Move the desks into the

-- Let the desks be moved into the 把课桌搬到走廊去。

Don"t trust

-- Don"t let her be

-- Let her not be 不要相信她。

动词短语构成的被动语态

一般情况下，只有及物动词才能跟宾语，而不及物动词不能跟宾语，所以只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词则没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后，变成一个动词短语，相当于一个及物动词，因此就可以有被动语态。

The nurses in this hospital look after the patients very

-- The patients are well looked after by the nurses in this 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。

They have put off the meeting till next

-- The meeting has been put off till next 会议已推迟到下周六了。

注意：

在使用被动语态时，千万不要遗漏句末的介词或副词。

Such a bad habit should be got rid 这样的坏习惯应该改掉。

All the important matters have now been attended 所有重要的事情都得到了处理。

双重被动结构

双重被动结构指的是句中谓语动词和其后的不定式均为被动结构，句子的主语既是谓语动词的承受者，同时又是不定式动作的承受者。

They asked us to discuss the problem at

-- We were asked to discuss the problem at

-- The problem was asked to be discussed at 这个问题被要求立刻讨论。(双重被动)

She offered to buy a recorder for

-- A recorder was offered to be bought for 有人提出要帮我买一台录音机。(双重被动)

The teacher ordered that we should take the desk

-- The desk was ordered to be taken 课桌被要求搬走。(双重被动)

下列句子变成被动语态时，要用with，不用by

Smoke filled the meeting 烟充满了会议室。

The meeting room was filled with 会议室里充满了烟。

A cloth covered the 一块布把桌子罩了起来。

The table was covered with a 桌子上铺着一块布。

不能变为被动语态的结构

受动词的限制

①表示状态的及物动词，只能用于主动语态。

某些表示状态的及物动词，如have, own, cost, lack, want (缺乏), become (适合), fit, resemble, fail, last, flee, benefit, hold等作谓语时，不能变为被动句。

She resembles her 她像她妈妈。

He lacks 他缺乏自信。

This hall can hold 2,000 这个大厅能容纳两千人。

②当及物动词have表示“吃饭”、“患病”、“明白”、“知道”等意思时，没有被动语态形式。

Would you have a cup of tea 你要喝杯茶吗?

She had a bad cold yesterday, and now she is feeling much 昨天她得了重感冒，现在好多了。

③当动词get，take表示“懂得”、“知道”，owe表示“欠”，cost表示“使失去(生命、健康等)”的意思时，动词没有相应的被动语态。

Do you get me 你明白我的意思吗?

How do you take this passage 这段话你怎么理解?

I owe 50 pounds to 我欠你五十英镑。

His careless driving cost his 他粗心的驾驶使他丧了命。

受宾语的限制

①当宾语是相互代词、反身代词或具有类似相互代词的关系时，动词不能用于被动语态形式。

They simply cannot contain themselves for 他们简直无法抑制内心的喜悦。

He absented himself from a meeting 他昨天缺席会议了。

For years the two sisters looked after one 多年来两姐妹互相照顾。

②当宾语前带有主语的形容词性物主代词时，谓语动词通常不能转换为被动语态。

I could not believe my eyes when I saw him still 看到他还活着，我简直不相信自己的眼睛。

The doctor shook his head and then went out without any 医生摇了摇头，一句话也没说就出去了。

注意：

动词的宾语是身体的一部分，一般不可变为被动语态，但也有例外。

He fixed his eyes on the oil 他注视着这幅油画。

-- His eyes were fixed on the oil 他的两眼注视着这幅油画。

③当宾语起状语作用，表示数量、重量、大小或程度时，不能用被动语态。

This kind of dictionary costs ten 这种字典价值十美元。

The case weighs twenty 这箱子重二十公斤。

④当宾语是同源宾语时，通常不能转换成被动语态。

He laughed a hearty 他由衷地笑了笑。

She dreamt a sweet 她做了一个美梦。

⑤如果宾语是动词不定式或动词的-ing形式时，谓语动词一般不能变换成被动语态。

He admitted having done 他承认做错了。

He has decided to go and study 他已决定出国留学。

⑥如果enter, leave, reach的宾语是地点、国家机关等，不能改为被动语态

He left the army in 他1998年退伍。

She entered the hall at 她立刻就进入了大厅。

⑦另外，不可拆开的短语动词，如take place, lose heart, belong to, consist of, change colour等，也不能改为被动语态。

The book belongs to 这本书是我的。

She caught a very bad 她患了重感冒。

英语被动语态知识点 第5篇

将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为：

①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;

②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;

③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。

被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为：疑问词+一般疑问句。例如：

① You must throw the broken pottery away at

The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at (同义句) (填must be thrown away)

② Where did they grow vegetables?(改为被动语态)

Where ______ vegetables ______ ?(填were;grown)

注意特例

将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：

含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：

①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变;

②将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如：

① He told us a (变被动语态)

→We were told a story(by him).或：A story was told to us by

② Her mother gave her a new (变被动语态)(填was given to)

A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her

短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如：

① This dictionary mustn"t ______ from the [D]

away taken away taken away

② She will take good care of the (变被动语态)(填be taken good care of)

The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (by her).

含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。例如：

Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake (变被动语态)

He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake

(填was seen to)

不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be +过去分词”。例如：

The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our

building built [C]

以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语，但仍然放在句子开头。例如：

Who has broken the cup?(改为被动语态)

→By whom has the cup been broken?

注意区别

被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别：

1)含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较：

The window is 窗子破了。(系表结构)

The window is broken by 窗子被他打破了。(被动语态)

2)用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被 so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修饰。试比较：

He was very interested in 他对科学有极大兴趣。(系表结构)

I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn"t know what to 我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。(被动语态)

牢记(相关)句型

初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：

covered with被……覆盖

made of由……制作(发生物理变化) be made from由……制作(发生化学变化)

be made in由(某地)制造 be made by被(某人)制造

used for被用来……

be used as被当作(作为)……来使用 be used to do 被用来做某事

is said 据说…… It is hoped 希望……

It is well known 众所周知……例如：

①—Your coat looks it ______ cotton?[B]

—"s

of;made by of;made in

for;made by for;made in

② This machine is used ______ the room [A]

keeping keeping keeping

③ 据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。

______ ______ ______ that ______ ______ is being ______ over the Changjiang River in

(填It is said;another bridge;built)