Zheng,Xiaoying,a,Famous,Conductor

河南郑州市惠济区实验小学 李莎莎 编译

Asymphony orchestrais a large orchestra composed of four groups of instruments,which arestring orchestra,woodwind orchestra,brass orchestraandpercussion orchestra.Sometimes,some other instruments such as piano will be added.Theconductoris thesoulof a band.When directing the performance of the whole band,the conductor must make the performance of these parts become a whole.The conductor of the symphony orchestra not only controls the speed and performance strength of the whole piece of music,maintainstheunityof work structure and form,so that the orchestra can correctly and uniformly perform the work,but also has the responsibility tostimulatethe best potential of the orchestra members and ensure the performance effect.

交响乐团是一种由四种乐器组成的大型管弦乐队，分别是弦乐队、木管乐队、铜管乐队和打击乐队，有时，还会加入钢琴等其他乐器。指挥家在指挥整个乐队演奏时，必须使这些声部的演奏成为一个整体，可谓一个乐队的灵魂人物。交响乐团的指挥，不仅控制整首曲子呈现的速度和演奏力度，保持作品结构与形式的统一，使乐队能够正确、统一地演奏作品，而且具有激发乐团成员最佳潜能和确保演出效果的责任。

Almost all the world famous symphony orchestra conductors are men.However,there is a quiteoutstandingfemale conductor in China,who is Professor Zheng Xiaoying.

世界上著名的交响乐团指挥家几乎都是男性。然而，在中国却有一位相当杰出的女性指挥家，她就是郑小瑛教授。

Zheng Xiaoying,born in Shanghai in September,is a Chinese conductor and the very first woman conductor in China.She was the chief conductor of China National Opera House(CNOH) and she used to be the director of the Conducting Department of the Central Conservatory of Music(CCOM) in Beijing.

郑小瑛，1929 年9 月出生于上海，是中国指挥家，也是中国第一位女性指挥家。她是中央歌剧院首席指挥,曾任中央音乐学院指挥系主任。

Zheng Xiaoying studied at Ginling College in Nanjing in 1947.There,she took part in the Chinese CommunistRevolution,where her job was to train a large song and dancetroupeand conduct Chinese operas.During that period of time,she was working in Henan Province.Later,she studied at the CCOM in 1952.Her first conducting teacher was Nicolai Tumascheve,who taught chorus-conducting.She taught at the CCOM between 1956 and 1960.Then she studied opera conducting at Moscow State Techaikovsky Conservatory between 1960 and 1963.In 1962,she was the first Chinese conductor to conduct an opera in a foreign setting when she conductedToscaat Moscow National Theater.After Moscow,she returned to CCOM and taught.

1947 年，郑小瑛就读于南京的金陵女子大学。在那里，她参加了革命工作，她的工作是培训一个大型歌舞团，并指挥中国歌剧。在此期间，她在河南省工作。后来，她于1952 年在中央音乐学院学习。她的第一位指挥老师是尼古拉·杜马舍夫，他教合唱指挥。1956—1960 年，郑小瑛在中央音乐学院任教。1960—1963 年，她曾在莫斯科国立柴可夫斯基音乐学院学习歌剧指挥。1962 年，她成为第一位在国外指挥歌剧的中国指挥家，当时她在莫斯科音乐剧院指挥了歌剧《托斯卡》。离开莫斯科之后，她回到中央音乐学院教书。

In 1977,Zheng Xiaoying became the chief conductor at the CNOH in Beijing.She was involved in the influential performances ofThe God of Flowers,La Traviata,Carmen,Le Nozze di FigaroandMadam Butterfly.

1977 年，郑小瑛成为中央歌剧院的首席指挥。她参与了《护花神》《茶花女》《卡门》《费加罗的婚礼》《蝴蝶夫人》等有影响力作品的演出。

In 1993,she founded the first women’ symphony orchestra in China—the Ai Yue Nu Philharmonic Orchestra,which has performed around the world.The group played both Western and Chinese music.Zheng Xiaoying and the women’s orchestra performed at the Fourth World Conference on Women.

1993 年，她创办了中国第一个女子交响乐团——爱乐女乐团，该乐团已在世界各地演出。这个乐团同时演奏西方音乐和中国音乐。郑小瑛和女子交响乐团还在第四次世界妇女大会上演出。

When Zheng Xiaoying retired from the CNOH in 1997,she moved to Xiamen.In 1998,she started Xiamen Philharmonic Orchestra,a non-State musicalensemble.In 2011,she was honored with the Golden Melody Prize from the Chinese Musicians’ Association.She received the 2012 Chinese Cultural Figure title for hercontributionto music education and conducting.She retired from Xiamen Philharmonic Orchestra in 2013.In 2014,she was honored by the CNOH with the title Honorary Conductor for Life.

1997 年，郑小瑛从中央歌剧院退休后，搬到了厦门。1998 年，她创办了厦门爱乐乐团，这是一个非国营的音乐团体。2011 年，她荣获中国音乐家协会金曲奖。她因对音乐教育和指挥的贡献而获得“2012 年度中国文化名人”称号。2013 年，她从厦门爱乐乐团退休。2014 年，她被中央歌剧院授予“终身荣誉指挥”称号。

Apart from herfruitful careeras a conductor,Zheng Xiaoying also dedicates herself to classical music education as well as other public activities.She has done a lot to help the public understand and appreciate the orchestra.She also teaches audiences about concertetiquette.At a rough estimate she has given more than 1,000 lectures to audiences of 200,000 people.She is absolutely agiftedconductor who brings the classical music to the public.

除了丰富的指挥生涯外，郑小瑛还致力于古典音乐教育及其他公共活动。她做了很多工作来帮助公众理解和欣赏交响乐。她还教给观众一些音乐会礼仪。据粗略估计，她已经开了1000 多场讲座，观众达20 万人。她绝对是一位天才指挥家，她把古典音乐带给了大众。

Although she has experiencedcancerthree times,she still stands on thepodiumof the symphony orchestra!

尽管她三次患癌，但她仍然站在交响乐团的指挥台上！

Notes:

symphony orchestra 交响乐团

string orchestra 弦乐队

woodwind orchestra木管乐队

brass orchestra 铜管乐队

percussion orchestra 打击乐队

conductorn.指挥

souln.灵魂

maintainv.保持

unityn.统一

stimulatev.促进；
激发

outstandingadj.杰出的

revolutionn.革命

troupen.团队

ensemblen.乐团；
乐队

contributionn.贡献

fruitfuladj.富有成果的

careern.事业

etiquetten.礼仪

giftedadj.天才的

cancern.癌症

podiumn.指挥台

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